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CDMA model also includes:. List of iPhone models. The iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. These devices use Apple's iOS mobile operating system. Since then, Apple has annually released new iPhone models and iOS updates. As of November 1, , more than 2.
The iPhone has a user interface built around a multi-touch screen. It connects to cellular networks or Wi-Fi , and can make calls , browse the web , take pictures , play music and send and receive emails and text messages. Since the iPhone's launch further features have been added, including larger screen sizes, shooting video , waterproofing , the ability to install third-party mobile apps through an app store , and many accessibility features.
Up to iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, iPhones used a layout with a single button on the front panel that returns the user to the home screen. Since iPhone X, iPhone models have switched to a nearly bezel -less front screen design with app switching activated by gesture recognition. The older layout today is still used for Apple's currently-produced iPhone SE series.
The iPhone is one of the two largest smartphone platforms in the world alongside Android , forming a large part of the luxury market. The iPhone has generated large profits for Apple, making it one of the world's most valuable publicly traded companies. The first-generation iPhone was described as "revolutionary" and a "game-changer" for the mobile phone industry and subsequent models have also garnered praise.
The iPhone has been credited with popularizing the smartphone and slate form factor , and with creating a large market for smartphone apps, or " app economy ". As of January [update] , Apple's App Store contained more than 2. Development of what was to become the iPhone began in , when Apple started to gather a team of 1, employees led by hardware engineer Tony Fadell , software engineer Scott Forstall and design engineer Sir Jonathan Ive [3] to work on the highly confidential "Project Purple".
Apple CEO Steve Jobs steered the original focus away from a tablet which Apple eventually revisited in the form of the iPad towards a phone.
According to Steve Jobs , the "i" word in "iMac" and therefore "iPod", "iPhone" and "iPad" stands for internet, individual, instruct, inform, and inspire. Apple rejected the " design by committee " approach that had yielded the Motorola ROKR E1 , a largely unsuccessful collaboration with Motorola.
Cingular gave Apple the liberty to develop the iPhone's hardware and software in-house [12] [13] and even paid Apple a fraction of its monthly service revenue until the iPhone 3G , [14] in exchange for four years of exclusive U. On July 11, , Apple released the iPhone 3G in twenty-two countries, including the original six. The back of the original first-generation iPhone was made of aluminum with a black plastic accent. The iPhone 3GS was available in both colors, regardless of storage capacity.
The iPhone 4 has an aluminosilicate glass front and back with a stainless steel edge that serves as the antennas. It was at first available in black; the white version was announced, but not released until April , 10 months later. This became known as antennagate. Verizon said it would be available for pre-order on February 3, with a release set for February On September 27, Apple sent invitations for a press event to be held October 4, , at am at the Cupertino headquarters to announce details of the next generation iPhone, which turned out to be iPhone 4S.
Over 1 million 4S models were sold in the first 24 hours after its release in October In February , ComScore reported that On September 12, , Apple announced the iPhone 5. It has a 4 inches mm display, up from its predecessors' 3. The device comes with the same pixels per inch found in the iPhone 4 and 4S. On July 22, , the company's suppliers said that Apple is testing out larger screens for the iPhone and iPad.
On September 10, , Apple unveiled two new iPhone models during a press event in Cupertino. The iPhone 5C, a mid-range-priced version of the handset that is designed to increase accessibility due to its price is available in five colors green, blue, yellow, pink, and white and is made of plastic. The iPhone 5S comes in three colors black, white, and gold and the home button is replaced with a fingerprint scanner Touch ID.
Both phones shipped on September 20, Both devices had a larger screen than their predecessor, at 4. After the iPhone 6 and 6 Plus was released, some users started complaining about the 6 and 6 Plus bending from normal use. This trend became known as "Bendgate", [40] which later started "Touch Disease. On September 7, , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus, which added water and dust resistance, improved system and graphics performance, a new dual-camera setup on the Plus model, new color options, and featured the removal of the 3.
On September 12, , Apple officially unveiled the iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, which features a new glass design, camera improvements, a True Tone display, wireless charging, and improved system performance.
It also unveiled the iPhone X, which features a near bezel-less design, a facial recognition feature dubbed "Face ID" with facial tracking used for Animojis, an OLED screen with the highest pixel density on an iPhone, a new telephoto lens which works better in low light conditions, and improved cameras for AR.
All models gained a ultra-wide lens, allowing for a wider field of view. The Pro models gained a triple-lens camera arrangement, and a matte glass finish. All models also feature MagSafe, allowing special magnetic accessories to easily snap on and off, while also allowing 15W wireless charging.
The iPhone 13 and 13 Pro series were virtually announced on September 14, , featuring improved cameras with sensor-shift stabilization for all models, a diagonal camera arrangement for the 13 and 13 mini, significantly larger camera sensors and an adaptive Hz ProMotion display for the Pro models. All models also gained a battery size increase, and a reduction in width of the TrueDepth camera module.
The iPhone 4s in was the first model to be manufactured simultaneously by two stand-alone companies: Foxconn and Pegatron , the latter also based in Taiwan. The 6 Plus model was produced solely by Foxconn. The models in bold are devices of the latest generation:. Source: Apple Newsroom Archive [57].
The iPhone contains most of the hardware parts of a typical modern smartphone. The main hardware of the iPhone is the touchscreen , with current models offering screens of 4. A range of sensors are included on the device, such as a proximity sensor , ambient light sensor , accelerometer , gyroscopic sensor , magnetometer , facial recognition sensor , fingerprint sensor and barometer.
All iPhones include a rear-facing camera, and a front-facing camera being included on all models since the iPhone 4. The iPhone 7 Plus introduced multiple lenses to the rear-facing camera to the iPhone. The iPhone comes with a set of bundled applications developed by Apple, [59] and supports downloading third-party applications through the App Store.
Apple provides free [61] updates to the operating system for the iPhone either wirelessly or through iTunes. The size of the operating system depends on the version. While iOS 8 required over 4.
The interface is based around the home screen, a graphical list of available applications. Starting with the iPhone 4, a primitive version of multitasking came into play. Users could double click the home button to select recently opened applications.
Starting with iOS 7, though, apps can truly multitask, and each open application runs in the background when not in use, although most functionality is still available when making a call or listening to music. The home screen can be accessed by a hardware button below the screen on the iPhone 8 and earlier.
It is available on devices with an A9 chip or newer. Docked at the base of the screen, four icons for Phone , Mail , Safari Internet , and Music delineate the iPhone's main purposes.
After the update, iPhone users can rearrange and place icons by holding down on any icon and moving it to the desired location once they start shaking on up to nine other adjacent home screens, accessed by a horizontal swipe.
Users can also add and delete icons from the dock, which is the same on every home screen. The dock holds up to four icons and is located at the bottom section of the screen. Each home screen holds up to twenty icons for the first-generation iPhone , 3G , 3GS , 4 and 4S ; The iPhone 5 , 5C , 5S , and first-generation iPhone SE hold up to twenty-four icons; while the iPhone 6 and later iPhone models support up to twenty-eight icons.
Users can delete Web Clips and third-party applications at any time and may select only certain applications for transfer from iTunes. Apple's default programs could only be removed since the iOS 10 update.
The 3. Almost all input is given through the touch screen, which understands complex gestures using multi-touch. The iPhone's interaction techniques enable the user to move the content up or down by a touch-drag motion of the finger. For example, zooming in and out of web pages and photos is done by placing two fingers on the screen and spreading them farther apart or bringing them closer together, a gesture known as " pinching ".
Scrolling through a long list or menu is achieved by sliding a finger over the display from bottom to top, or vice versa to go back. In either case, the list moves as if it is pasted on the outer surface of a wheel, slowly decelerating as if affected by friction.
In this way, the interface simulates the physics of a real object. Unlike previous scrollable views, in which the user pressed a "down" control to move the view "downwards", on iOS the user pushes upwards , as if moving a "plank of wood floating on the water", creating the impression that the user is directly manipulating the content displayed on the screen. Other user-centered interactive effects include horizontally sliding sub-selection, the vertically sliding keyboard and bookmarks menu, and widgets that turn around to allow settings to be configured on the other side.
Menu bars are found at the top and bottom of the screen when necessary. Their options vary by program but always follow a consistent style motif. In menu hierarchies, a "back" button in the top-left corner of the screen displays the name of the parent folder. The iPhone allows audio conferencing , call holding, call merging, caller ID , and integration with other cellular network features and iPhone functions.
For example, if music is playing when a call is received, the music fades out and fades back in when the call has ended. The proximity sensor shuts off the screen and touch-sensitive circuitry when the iPhone is brought close to the face, both to save battery and prevent unintentional touches. The iPhone does not support video calling or videoconferencing on versions prior to the fourth generation, as there is only one camera on the opposite side of the screen.
The iPhone includes a visual voicemail in some countries [77] feature allowing users to view a list of current voicemail messages on-screen without having to call into their voicemail. Unlike most other systems, messages can be listened to and deleted in a non-chronological order by choosing any message from an on-screen list. A music ringtone feature was introduced in the United States on September 5, Users can create custom ringtones from songs purchased from the iTunes Store for a small additional fee.
The ringtones can be three to 30 seconds long from any part of a song, can fade in and out, pause from half a second to five seconds when looped, or loop continuously. All customizing can be done in iTunes, [78] or with Apple's GarageBand software 4.
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